Research use only. All simulations are in silico — not validated for regulatory submissions.
Drug Development

Prioritize drug candidates before Phase II

Your drug shrinks tumors in mice — but will it work in humans? DNAI's Sim-to-Real engine strips species-specific noise from preclinical data and simulates human-scale treatment outcomes in silico.

Mouse-to-Human translation
Virtual trial simulation
In silico Go/No-Go

The Hybrid Engine

Two complementary model paths — data type determines routing

Path A
The Specialist (v3.1)
InputHuman Multi-Omics + WSI
C-index0.704 (internal val)
Optimized forSurvival ranking accuracy
Path B
The Translator (DSN Pipeline)
InputPDX RNA-seq
C-index0.687 (internal val)
Optimized forCross-species robustness

Data-type routing — human clinical data uses Path A; preclinical PDX data uses Path B via DSN.

The Collapse Problem

Standard Alignment Silently Destroys Biological Signals

When you align mouse and human latent spaces naively, the adversarial discriminator forces proliferation-linked channels to collapse. The model reports no error — but the simulation is silently wrong.

DNA Methylation Variance
Standard alignment reduces methylation variance by 99.98% (128-sample PDX experiment)
Growth-Rate R²
Growth-rate prediction drops from R²=0.899 to 0.537
Measured on 128-sample prostate PDX dataset (GEO GSE184427) aligned to TCGA
Standard Approach
Full adversarial alignment
Methylation variance: 0.0002
Growth-rate R²: 0.537
Selective Adversarial Alignment
Protects proliferation channels
Methylation variance: 0.607
Growth-rate R²: 0.899

"This is structural, not a tuning problem."

It's a fundamental failure mode of domain adaptation applied to dynamics pipelines. The adversarial discriminator cannot distinguish proliferation signals from species-specific signals — so it destroys both.

Primary Use Case

Prioritizing Drug Candidates Early

Your new compound shrinks tumors in mice. Simulate human-scale outcomes in silico to generate hypotheses for your Go/No-Go decision — before investing in Phase II.

Step 1

Drug Calibration (DSN Pipeline)

Your Input
RNA-seq + Tumor volumes from your PDX study
DSN strips mouse stroma signal (murine angiogenesis, etc.)
Imputer reconstructs missing methylation/CNV for complete digital twin
Neural ODE learns drug kill-rate from conserved biology only
Output
Calibrated physics profile free of mouse artifacts
Step 2

Virtual Trial Simulation

Input
9,400+ TCGA digital twins + simulated drug parameters
Apply calibrated drug parameters to human patient cohort
Simulate 12-month trial outcomes in silico
Scenario A
"5% simulated response"
Consider terminating program
Scenario B
"47% in EGFR+ (sim.)"
Enrich trial for EGFR amp.

How DNAI supports R&D

From preclinical translation to trial design — in silico

Sim-to-Real Translation

Simulate human-scale outcomes from mouse data. The DSN strips species-specific noise to reveal conserved tumor biology.

Virtual trials

Simulate thousands of patients to explore optimal enrollment criteria before recruiting a single patient.

Biomarker discovery

Discover which molecular subtypes show highest simulated sensitivity. Inform your companion diagnostic strategy early.

R&D applications

Trial enrichment

Simulate which patient subgroups show highest response, informing enrollment criteria and reducing required sample sizes.

Mechanism-Based Enrichment

PATHWAY

Use DNAI's pathway-level analysis to find patients with the specific pathway dysregulation your drug targets. Generate mechanism-linked hypotheses — identify which molecular features associate with simulated response.

Pathway-level targetingMoA alignmentPredictive biomarkers

Combination screening

Simulate combination therapies to explore potentially synergistic drug pairs and optimal sequencing strategies in silico.

Resistance simulation

Model clonal evolution to explore potential resistance mechanisms and inform adaptive treatment protocol design.

Hybrid Control Arms

Generate physics-constrained synthetic patient trajectories for control arms. Modeled potential to reduce control-arm enrollment — enabling more patients to receive experimental treatments.

Dose-Response Optimization

IN SILICO

DNAI's differentiable engine enables gradient-based exploration of dosing schedules that balance simulated efficacy and safety constraints. Optimize dose-response curves before clinical testing.

Gradient optimizationSchedule explorationIn silico dose-response

Virtual Tumor Burden Endpoints

v3.1

DNAI simulates longitudinal tumor volume trajectories, enabling estimation of tumor burden changes over time. Volume-to-response classification (CR/PR/SD/PD) serves as an approximation of clinical imaging endpoints.

Volume trajectoriesResponse classificationIn silico estimation

Platform Capabilities

How each component supports drug development and research

FeaturePharma Value (Drug Dev)Research Value
DSN (Sim-to-Real)ESSENTIAL
Translate mouse data to human-scale simulations
Background — ensures physics engine uses conserved biology
ImputationESSENTIAL
Use partial preclinical data
Background — handles missing modalities
Neural ODEVIRTUAL TRIAL
Simulate patient cohorts for trial design
PROGNOSIS
Simulate patient trajectories
Safety LayerQC
Flag unreliable PDX models
ABSTENTION
Flag when model cannot reliably simulate
For Pharma
Prioritize the pipeline — simulate before you enroll
For Researchers
Explore the biology — simulate and compare hypotheses
Trial Enrichment

Identify patients most likely to benefit — before enrollment

Simulation suggests up to 10× enrichment in responder prevalence for select cancer types, based on retrospective analysis of observational data.

LGG (Low-Grade Glioma)
All-comers HR0.83
Enriched HR0.42
Simulated N reduction98.7%
log-rank p = 0.003
BRCA (Breast)
All-comers HR0.72
Enriched HR0.61
Simulated N reduction78.3%
log-rank p = 0.076
HNSC (Head & Neck)
All-comers HR0.80
Enriched HR0.52
Simulated N reduction94.0%
log-rank p = 0.18

Methodology & Limitations

  • Based on retrospective analysis of TCGA observational data (N=9,393)
  • CATE estimates from S-learner model with propensity weighting — not randomized trials
  • For hypothesis generation and trial design planning, not efficacy claims
  • All enrichment results require prospective validation in controlled trials
Research Use Only

How Simulation-Based Enrichment Works

Patient Cohort
Multi-omics data
CATE Model
Per-patient benefit
Enriched Arm
Top responders
CATE Selection
Rank patients by predicted treatment benefit; enroll top predicted responders
Glass Cannon Exclusion
Exclude high-benefit but high-fragility patients (unstable responders)
Fragility Filtering
Exclude patients whose predicted response varies widely across model perturbations
Combined Strategy
CATE selection + Glass Cannon exclusion for balanced enrichment with stability

Enrichment Potential by Cancer Type

Retrospective simulation on TCGA data (N=9,393). Enrichment = HR improvement when selecting CATE-predicted top responders.

CancerNAll-Comers HREnriched HREnrichment Potential
LGG5160.830.42Strong
HNSC5210.800.52Strong
BRCA10910.720.61Moderate
ESCA1840.600.25Strong
KIRC5340.830.76Moderate
SARC2551.311.31Insufficient
HR = simulated hazard ratio (enriched vs control arm). All results from observational TCGA data — requires prospective validation.

Known Limitations

Virtual trial response rates are simulated — not validated against real clinical trial outcomes
PDX-to-human translation validated on 128 prostate PDX samples only — other cancer types less validated
Combination synergy and dose-response optimization are exploratory simulations, not clinically validated
All metrics (C-index, ICI, R²) are measured on survival ranking — not drug response prediction

Intended use

DNAI is intended solely as an in silico research tool for hypothesis generation in drug development. It is not validated for regulatory submissions, clinical decision-making, or patient selection. All simulations should be interpreted alongside standard preclinical and clinical evidence.

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Discuss how DNAI simulation tools can support your drug development programs.

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